C H A P T E R 2
Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified
IP Phone on Your Network
Cisco Unified IP Phones enable you to communicate using voice over a data
network. To provide this capability, the IP Phones depend upon and interact with
several other key Cisco Unified IP Telephony components, including
Cisco Unified Communications Manager.
This chapter focuses on the interactions between the Cisco Unified IP Phone
7961G/7961G-GE and 7941G/7941G-GE and Cisco Unified Communications
Manager, DNS and DHCP servers, TFTP servers, and switches. It also describes
options for powering phones.
For related information about voice and IP communications, refer to this URL:
This chapter provides an overview of the interaction between the
Cisco Unified IP Phone and other key components of the Voice over IP (VoIP)
network. It includes the following topics:
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Understanding Interactions with Other Cisco Unified IP Telephony Products
For information about configuring Cisco Unified Communications Manager to
work with the IP devices described in this chapter, refer to Cisco
Unified Communications Manager Administration Guide, Cisco Unified
Communications Manager System Guide, and to Cisco Unified Communications
Manager Security Guide.
For an overview of security functionality for the Cisco Unified IP Phone, see the
“Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones” section on
page 1-13.
Note
If the Cisco Unified IP Phone model that you want to configure does not appear
in the Phone Type drop-down list in Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration, go to the following URL and install the latest support patch for
your version of Cisco Unified Communications Manager:
Related Topic
•
Telephony Features Available for the Cisco Unified IP Phone, page 5-2
Understanding How the Cisco Unified IP Phone Interacts with the
VLAN
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G/7961G-GE and 7941G/7941G-GE have an
internal Ethernet switch, enabling forwarding of packets to the phone, and to the
access port and the network port on the back of the phone.
If a computer is connected to the access port, the computer and the phone share
the same physical link to the switch and share the same port on the switch. This
shared physical link has the following implications for the VLAN configuration
on the network:
•
The current VLANs might be configured on an IP subnet basis. However,
additional IP addresses might not be available to assign the phone to the same
subnet as other devices connected to the same port.
•
•
Data traffic present on the VLAN supporting phones might reduce the quality
of Voice-over-IP traffic.
Network security may indicate a need to isolate the VLAN voice traffic from
the VLAN data traffic.
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Providing Power to the Cisco Unified IP Phone
You can resolve these issues by isolating the voice traffic onto a separate VLAN.
The switch port that the phone is connected to would be configured to have
separate VLANs for carrying:
•
Voice traffic to and from the IP phone (auxiliary VLAN on the Cisco Catalyst
6000 series, for example)
•
Data traffic to and from the PC connected to the switch through the access
port of the IP phone (native VLAN)
Isolating the phones on a separate, auxiliary VLAN increases the quality of the
voice traffic and allows a large number of phones to be added to an existing
network where there are not enough IP addresses for each phone.
For more information, refer to the documentation included with a Cisco switch.
You can also access related documentation at this URL:
Related Topics
•
•
Network Configuration Menu, page 4-7
Providing Power to the Cisco Unified IP Phone
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G, 7961G-GE and 7941G, 7941G-GE can be
powered with external power or with Power over Ethernet (PoE). External power
is provided through a separate power supply. PoE is provided by a switch through
the Ethernet cable attached to a phone.
Note
When you install a phone that is powered with external power, connect the power
supply to the phone and to a power outlet before you connect the Ethernet cable
to the phone. When you remove a phone that is powered with external power,
disconnect the Ethernet cable from the phone before you disconnect the power
supply.
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The following sections provide more information about powering a phone:
•
•
•
Power Guidelines
Table 2-1 provides guidelines for powering the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G
and 7941G.
Table 2-2 provides guidelines for powering the Cisco Unified IP Phone
7961G-GE and 7941G-GE.
Table 2-1
Powering Guidelines—Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G and 7941G
Power Type
Guidelines
External power—
•
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G and 7941G use the
CP-PWR-CUBE-3 power supply.
Provided through the
CP-PWR-CUBE-3
external power supply.
External power—
Provided through the
The Cisco Unified IP Phone Power Injector may be used with any Cisco
Unified IP Phone. Functioning as a midspan device, the injector delivers
Cisco Unified IP Phone inline power to the attached phone. The Cisco Unified IP Phone Power
Power Injector.
Injector is connected between a switch port and the IP Phone, and supports
a maximum cable length of 100m between the unpowered switch and the IP
Phone.
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Table 2-1
Powering Guidelines—Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G and 7941G (continued)
Power Type
Guidelines
PoE power—Provided by
a switch through the
Ethernet cable attached
to the phone.
•
•
•
•
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G and 7941G support Cisco inline
PoE.
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G and 7941G support IEEE 802.3af
power on signal pairs and spare pairs.
To ensure uninterruptible operation of the phone, make sure that the
switch has a backup power supply.
Make sure that the CatOS or IOS version running on your switch
supports your intended phone deployment. Refer to the documentation
for your switch for operating system version information.
External power—
The inline power patch panel WS-PWR-PANEL is compatible with the
Provided through inline Cisco Unified IP Phones 7961G and 7941G.
power patch panel
WS-PWR-PANEL
Table 2-2
Powering Guidelines—Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G-GE and 7941G-GE
Power Type
Guidelines
External power—
•
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G-GE and 7941G-GE use the
CP-PWR-CUBE-3 external power supply only.
Provided through the
CP-PWR-CUBE-3
external power supply.
External power—
Provided through the
The Cisco Unified IP Phone Power Injector may be used with any Cisco
Unified IP Phone. Functioning as a midspan device, the injector delivers
Cisco Unified IP Phone inline power to the attached phone. The Cisco Unified IP Phone Power
Power Injector.
Injector is connected between a switch port and the IP Phone, and supports
a maximum cable length of 100m between the unpowered switch and the IP
Phone.
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Table 2-2
Powering Guidelines—Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G-GE and 7941G-GE (continued)
Power Type
Guidelines
PoE power—Provided by
a switch through the
Ethernet cable attached
to the phone.
•
The gigabit Ethernet Cisco Unified IP Phone 79161G-GE and
7941G-GE do not support Cisco inline PoE.
•
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G-GE and 7941G-GE support IEEE
802.3af power on signal pairs and spare pairs. The Cisco Unified IP
Phone 79161G-GE and 7941G-GE are not compatible with Cisco
switches that are not IEEE-compliant.
•
•
To ensure uninterruptible operation of the phone, make sure that the
switch has a backup power supply.
Make sure that the CatOS or IOS version running on your switch
supports your intended phone deployment. Refer to the documentation
for your switch for operating system version information.
External power—
The inline power patch panel WS-PWR-PANEL is compatible with the
Provided through inline Cisco Unified IP Phones 7961G-GE and 7941G-GE.
power patch panel
WS-PWR-PANEL
Power Outage
Your accessibility to emergency service through the phone is dependent on the
phone being powered. If there is an interruption in the power supply, Service and
Emergency Calling Service dialing will not function until power is restored. In the
case of a power failure or disruption, you may need to reset or reconfigure
equipment before using the Service or Emergency Calling Service dialing.
Obtaining Additional Information about Power
These documents provide information about the following topics:
•
Cisco switches that work with the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G/7961G-GE
and 7941G/7941G-GE
•
The Cisco IOS releases that support bidirectional power negotiation
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•
Other requirements and restrictions regarding power
Table 2-3
Related Documentation for Power
Document Topics
URL
Power Injector
PoE Solutions
s379/prod_installation_guides_list.html
Integrated Service
Routers
Cisco IOS Software
Understanding Phone Configuration Files
Configuration files for a phone are stored on the TFTP server and define
parameters for connecting to Cisco Unified Communications Manager. In
general, any time you make a change in Cisco Unified Communications Manager
that requires the phone to be reset, a change is made to the phone’s configuration
file automatically.
Configuration files also contain information about which image load the phone
should be running. If this image load differs from the one currently loaded on a
phone, the phone contacts the TFTP server to request the required load files.
(These files are digitally signed to ensure the authenticity of the files’ source.)
In addition, if the device security mode in the configuration file is set to
Authenticated and the CTL file on the phone has a valid certificate for
Cisco Unified Communications Manager, the phone establishes a TLS connection
to Cisco Unified Communications Manager. Otherwise, the phone establishes a
TCP connection. For SIP phones, a TLS connection requires that the transport
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protocol in the phone configuration file be set to TLS, which corresponds to the
transport type in the SIP Security Profile in Cisco Unified Communications
Manager.
Note
If the device security mode in the configuration file is set to Authenticated or
Encrypted, but the phone has not received a CTL file, the phone will continuously
try to obtain a CTL file so that it can register securely.
If you configure security-related settings in Cisco Unified Communications
Manager Administration, the phone configuration file will contain sensitive
information. To ensure the privacy of a configuration file, you must configure it
for encryption. For detailed information, refer to the “Configuring Encrypted
Phone Configuration Files” chapter in Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Security Guide.A phone requests a configuration file whenever it resets and
registers with Cisco Unified Communications Manager.
A phone accesses a default configuration file named XmlDefault.cnf.xml from the
TFTP server when the following conditions exist:
•
•
•
You have enabled auto-registration in Cisco Unified Communications
Manager
The phone has not been added to the Cisco Unified Communications
Manager Database
The phone is registering for the first time
If auto registration is not enabled and the phone has not been added to the
Cisco Unified Communications Manager Database, the phone registration request
will be rejected. In this case, the phone will reset and attempt to register
repeatedly.
If the phone has registered before, the phone will access the configuration file
named SEPmac_address.cnf.xml, where mac_address is the MAC address of the
phone.
The TFTP server generates these SIP configuration files:
•
SIP IP Phone:
–
–
–
For unsigned and unencrypted files—SEP<mac>.cnf.xml
For signed files—SEP<mac>.cnf.xml.sgn
For signed and encrypted files—SEP<mac>.cnf.xml.enc.sgn
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•
•
Dial Plan—<dialplan>.xml
Softkey Template—<softkey_template>.xml
The filenames are derived from the MAC Address and Description fields in the
Phone Configuration window of Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration and the devicename field in the Cisco Unified Communications
Manager database. The MAC address uniquely identifies the phone. For more
information refer to the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration
Guide.
Understanding the Phone Startup Process
When connecting to the VoIP network, the Cisco Unified
IP Phone 7961G/7961G-GE and 7941G/7941G-GE go through a standard startup
configuration, not all of these steps may occur on your Cisco Unified IP Phone.
Table 2-4
Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process
Step
Description
Related Topics
1. Obtaining Power
If a phone is not using external power, the switch
provides in-line power through the Ethernet cable
attached to the phone.
•
•
from the Switch
Resolving Startup
Problems,
page 9-2.
2. Loading the Stored
The Cisco Unified IP Phone has non-volatile
Resolving Startup
Phone Image
Flash memory in which it stores firmware images Problems, page 9-2.
and user-defined preferences. At startup, the
phone runs a bootstrap loader that loads a phone
image stored in Flash memory. Using this image,
the phone initializes its software and hardware.
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Table 2-4
Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process (continued)
Step
Description
Related Topics
3. Configuring VLAN
If the Cisco Unified IP Phone is connected to a
Cisco Catalyst switch, the switch next informs the
phone of the voice VLAN defined on the switch.
The phone needs to know its VLAN membership
before it can proceed with the Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) request for an IP
address.
•
Network
Configuration
Menu, page 4-7.
•
Resolving Startup
Problems,
page 9-2.
4. Obtaining an IP
If the Cisco Unified IP Phone is using DHCP to
obtain an IP address, the phone queries the DHCP
server to obtain one. If you are not using DHCP in
your network, you must assign static IP addresses
to each phone locally.
•
•
•
•
Network
Configuration
Menu, page 4-7.
Address
Resolving Startup
Problems,
page 9-2.
5. Accessing a TFTP
In addition to assigning an IP address, the DHCP
server directs the Cisco Unified IP Phone to a
TFTP Server. If the phone has a statically-defined
IP address, you must configure the TFTP server
locally on the phone; the phone then contacts the
TFTP server directly.
Network
Configuration
Menu, page 4-7.
Server
Resolving Startup
Problems,
page 9-2.
Note
You can also assign an alternative TFTP
server to use instead of the one assigned by
DHCP.
6. Requesting the CTL The TFTP server stores the certificate trust list
Refer to the
file
(CTL) file. This file contains a list of
Cisco Unified Communications Managers and
TFTP servers that the phone is authorized to
connect to. It also contains the certificates
necessary for establishing a secure connection
between the phone and
Cisco Unified Communi
cations Manager
Security Guide,
“Configuring the Cisco
CTL Client” chapter.
Cisco Unified Communications Manager.
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Table 2-4
Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process (continued)
Step
Description
Related Topics
7. Requesting the
The TFTP server has configuration files, which
define parameters for connecting to Cisco
Unified Communications Manager and other
information for the phone.
•
Configuration File
•
•
Resolving Startup
Problems,
page 9-2.
8. Contacting Cisco
Unified Communicatio Unified IP Phone communicates with Cisco
The configuration file defines how the Cisco
Resolving Startup
Problems,
ns Manager
Unified Communications Manager and provides a
phone with its load ID. After obtaining the file
from the TFTP server, the phone attempts to make
a connection to the highest priority Cisco
Unified Communications Manager on the list. If
security is implemented, the phone makes a TLS
connection. Otherwise, it makes a non-secure TCP
connection.
page 9-2.
If the phone was manually added to the database,
Cisco Unified Communications Manager
identifies the phone. If the phone was not
manually added to the database and
auto-registration is enabled in Cisco
Unified Communications Manager, the phone
attempts to auto-register itself in the Cisco
Unified Communications Manager database.
Note
Auto-registration is disabled when
security is enabled on Cisco Unified
Communications Manager. In this case,
the phone must be manually added to the
Cisco Unified Communications Manager
database.
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Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Database
Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified Communications
Manager Database
Before installing the Cisco Unified IP phone, you must choose a method for
adding phones to the Cisco Unified Communications Manager database. These
sections describe the methods:
•
•
•
•
Table 2-5 provides an overview of these methods for adding phones to the
Cisco Unified Communications Manager database.
Table 2-5
Methods for Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified
Communications Manager Database
Requires MAC
Address?
Method
Notes
Auto-registration No
•
Results in automatic assignment
of directory numbers.
•
Not available when security or
encryption is enabled.
Auto-registration No
with TAPS
Requires auto-registration and the
Bulk Administration Tool (BAT);
updates information in the Cisco
Unified IP Phone and in Cisco
Unified Communications Manager
Administration
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Table 2-5
Methods for Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified
Communications Manager Database (continued)
Requires MAC
Address?
Method
Notes
Using the Cisco
Unified
Yes
Requires phones to be added
individually
Communications
Manager
Administration
Using BAT
Yes
•
•
Can add groups of same model of
phone.
Can schedule when phones are
added to the
Cisco Unified Communications
Manager database.
Adding Phones with Auto-Registration
By enabling auto-registration before you begin installing phones, you can:
•
•
Add phones without first gathering MAC addresses from the phones.
Automatically add a Cisco Unified IP Phone to the Cisco Unified
Communications Manager database when you physically connect the phone
to your IP telephony network. During auto-registration, Cisco Unified
Communications Manager assigns the next available sequential directory
number to the phone.
•
•
Quickly enter phones into the Cisco Unified Communications Manager
database and modify any settings, such as the directory numbers, from
Cisco Unified Communications Manager.
Move auto-registered phones to new locations and assign them to different
device pools without affecting their directory numbers.
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Note
Cisco recommends you use auto-registration to add less than 100 phones to your
network. To add more than 100 phones to your network, use the Bulk
Auto-registration is disabled by default. In some cases, you might not want to use
auto-registration: for example, if you want to assign a specific directory number
to the phone or if you plan to implement authentication or encryption, as
described in Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide. For
information about enabling auto-registration, refer to “Enabling
Auto-Registration” in the Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration Guide.
Note
When you configure the cluster for mixed mode through the Cisco CTL client,
auto-registration is automatically disabled. When you configure the cluster for
non-secure mode through the Cisco CTL client, auto-registration is automatically
enabled.
Related Topics
•
•
•
Adding Phones with Auto-Registration and TAPS
You can add phones with auto-registration and TAPS, the Tool for
Auto-Registered Phones Support, without first gathering MAC addresses from
phones.
TAPS works with the Bulk Administration Tool (BAT) to update a batch of phones
that were already added to the Cisco Unified Communications Manager database
with dummy MAC addresses. Use TAPS to update MAC addresses and download
pre-defined configurations for phones.
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Note
Cisco recommends you use auto-registration and TAPS to add less than 100
phones to your network. To add more than 100 phones to your network, use the
To implement TAPS, you or the end-user dial a TAPS directory number and follow
voice prompts. When the process is complete, the phone will have downloaded its
directory number and other settings, and the phone will be updated in
Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration with the correct MAC
address.
Auto-registration must be enabled in Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration (System > Cisco Communications Manager) for TAPS to
function.
Note
When you configure the cluster for mixed mode through the Cisco CTL client,
auto-registration is automatically disabled. When you configure the cluster for
non-secure mode through the Cisco CTL client, auto-registration is automatically
enabled.
Refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Bulk Administration Guide for
detailed instructions about BAT and about TAPS.
Related Topics
•
•
•
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Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Database
Adding Phones with Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration
You can add phones individually to the Cisco Unified Communications Manager
database using Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration. To do
so, you first need to obtain the MAC address for each phone.
For information about determining a MAC address, see the “Determining the
After you have collected MAC addresses, in Cisco Unified Communications
Manager Administration, choose Device > Phone and click Add New to begin.
For complete instructions and conceptual information about Cisco Unified
Communications Manager, refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration Guide and to Cisco Unified Communications Manager System
Guide.
Related Topics
•
•
•
Adding Phones with BAT
The Cisco Bulk Administration Tool (BAT) is a plug-in application for
Cisco Unified Communications Manager that enables you to perform batch
operations, including registration, on multiple phones.
To add phones using BAT only (not in conjunction with TAPS), you first need to
obtain the appropriate MAC address for each phone.
For information about determining a MAC address, see the “Determining the
Related Topics
•
•
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Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different Protocols
•
Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different
Protocols
The Cisco Unified IP Phone can operate with SCCP (Skinny Client Control
Protocol) or SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). You can convert a phone that is
using one protocol for use with the other protocol.
This section includes these topics:
•
•
•
•
Converting a New Phone from SCCP to SIP
A new, unused phone is set for SCCP by default. To convert this phone to SIP,
perform these steps:
Procedure
Step 1
Take one of these actions:
•
•
•
To auto-register the phone, set the Auto Registration Phone Protocol
parameter in Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration to SIP.
To provision the phone using the Bulk Administration Tool (BAT), choose the
appropriate phone model and choose SIP from the BAT.
To provision the phone manually, make the appropriate changes for SIP on
the Phone Configuration page in Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration.
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Refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration Guide for
detailed information about Cisco Unified Communications Manager
configuration. Refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Bulk
Administration Guide for detailed information about using the BAT.
Step 2
Step 3
If you are not using DHCP in your network, configure the network parameters for
the phone.
See the “Configuring Startup Network Settings” section on page 3-14.
Power cycle the phone.
Converting an In-Use Phone from SCCP to SIP
You can use the Bulk Administration Tool (BAT) to convert a phone that is in use
in your network from SCCP to SIP. To access BAT from Cisco Unified
Communications Manager Administration, choose Bulk Administration >
Phones > Migrate Phones > SCCP to SIP. For detailed information, refer to
Cisco Unified Communications Manager Bulk Administration Guide.
Converting an In-Use Phone from SIP to SCCP
To convert a phone that is in use in your network from SIP to SCCP, perform these
steps. For more information, Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Administration Guide.
Procedure
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
In Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration, delete the existing
SIP phone from the Cisco Unified Communications Manager database.
In Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration, create the phone as
an SCCP phone.
Power cycle the phone.
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Determining the MAC Address for a Cisco Unified IP Phone
Deploying a Phone in an SCCP and SIP Environment
To deploy Cisco Unified IP Phones in an environment that includes SCCP and SIP
and in which the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Auto-Registration
parameter is SCCP, perform these general steps:
1. Set the Cisco Unified Communications Manager auto_registration_protocol
parameter to SCCP.
To do so, from Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration,
choose System > Enterprise Parameters.
2. Install the phones.
3. Change the auto_registration_protocol parameter to SIP.
4. Auto-register the SIP phones.
Determining the MAC Address for a Cisco Unified IP
Phone
Several procedures described in this manual require you to determine the MAC
address of a Cisco Unified IP Phone. You can determine a phone’s MAC address
in these ways:
•
From the phone, press the Settings button and select Model Information and
look at the MAC Address field.
•
•
Look at the MAC label on the back of the phone.
Display the web page for the phone and click the Device Information
hyperlink.
For information about accessing the web page, see the “Accessing the Web
Page for a Phone” section on page 8-2.
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